
TrelCor Surface Chemistry
Bone regeneration is a cellular process that involves the interaction of osteoblasts and stem cells with the surface of a bone graft material. Studies have shown that the composition of a bone graft material can impact the bone formation response.1,2
TrelCor technology features unique, dual-phase composition that consists of a microscopically thin (~5 microns) hydroxycarbonoapatite (HCA) surface layer over a porous calcium carbonate structure. HCA is a carbonated form of calcium phosphate that closely resembles the mineral content of bone, giving it advanced osteoconductive properties.

The HCA Advantage
Most ceramic-based bone grafts do not contain carbonate. The main advantage of adding carbonate to hydroxyapatite is that it allows for faster bone formation.
- Natural bone mineral is composed of carbonated apatite. HCA is the only ceramic with a composition similar to natural bone.
- Bone formation on HCA-covered graft materials essentially “skips” the cellular preparation phase seen with standard calcium phosphate ceramics, like HA and TCP.
- This results in faster activation of cells and a faster bone formation process.2

Study Comparing HCA to First-Generation Materials
A 2019 independent study evaluated the bone formation response of HCA versus two other common calcium phosphate graft materials: hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP).2
- All materials were fabricated with the exact same bone graft scaffold structure and implanted into a long bone defect.
- The results showed that significantly more bone had formed faster in the HCA group compared to the HA and TCP groups at both the 4-week and 12-week time points.
- This was more pronounced at the earlier time-point (4-weeks) which showed that HCA resulted 4.3X more bone than TCP and 14.3X more bone than HA.
References 1. Spence G. et al. Key Eng. Materials Vols. 309-31: pp 207-210 (2006); 2. Hayashi K. et al. Materials Today Bio. Honeycomb blocks composed of carbonate apatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite for bone regeneration: effects of composition on biological responses. 4: pp. 1-11 (2019).
Dig Deeper into TrelCor
For a more in-depth look at the healing benefits of a bone-like HCA surface chemistry, download our free PDF.
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